#EU - Archives - Energy Regulation Solutions

Hydrogen from Peru to the EU

In this episode of Clean Energy Talks video blog with Roxana Serpa, Vice President of H2 Peru Association, we talk about hydrogen import from Peru to the EU:

I. Introduction of H2 Peru Association

The work of H2 Peru and its main activities in the hydrogen sector.

II. Renewable Energy Potential in Peru

What is the estimated renewable energy potential in Peru that could be used for green hydrogen production?

III. Regulatory framework

What recent developments in Peru’s regulatory framework could support the export of hydrogen to the EU?

IV. Transporting Hydrogen to Europe

What are the most viable options for transporting hydrogen from Peru to the EU?

Green ammonia
Sustainable aviation fuels (SAF)
Renewable methanol (for maritime transport).

V. Hydrogen Production Outlook

What opportunities exist for launching hydrogen production projects in Peru in the near to mid-term?

VI. Hydrogen Hubs

What is meant by a hydrogen hub, and what plans or locations are being considered for such hubs in Peru?

VII. Certification

How is Peru preparing to meet the certification requirements for hydrogen exports to the EU?

➡️ Reach out here on LinkedIn or contact me for more details on the video topic.

Posted By : admin 10 Sep, 2025

Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism simplifications

On 10 September, the European Parliament adopted simplifications to the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM).

✅ Key Points

📌 Purpose: Reduce administrative burden, especially for SMEs and occasional importers.

📌 Context: Part of the “Omnibus I” simplification package (presented on 26 February 2025), covering sustainability and investment legislation.

📌 New de minimis threshold:

Imports up to 50 tonnes per importer per year exempted from CBAM.
Replaces the earlier exemption for goods of negligible value.
Exempts ~90% of importers (mainly SMEs and individuals).
⚠️ Not applicable to hydrogen and electricity.

📌 Climate ambition unchanged:

99% of emissions from CBAM goods (iron, steel, aluminium, cement, fertilisers) still covered.
Strengthened anti-abuse provisions to prevent circumvention.

📌 Simplifications for covered imports:

Streamlined authorisation process.
Simplified emissions calculation rules.
Adjusted verification rules.
Clearer financial liability for authorised CBAM declarants.

☑️ What’s next:

The Council must now officially endorse the text. It will enter into force three days after publication in the EU Official Journal.

📄 Adopted text: Link.

➡️ Source: CBAM: Parliament adopts simplifications to the EU carbon leakage instrument

CBAM Simplification. De minimis mass threshold: 50 tonnes per importer per year

Posted By : admin 6 Aug, 2025

AI & Energy

Artificial Intelligence and digitalisation for Energy

📢 New EU Initiative on AI & Energy

The European Commission has launched the public consultations regarding the initiative “Strategic Roadmap for digitalisation and AI in the energy sector”.

🗓 Feedback period: 05 August 2025 – 05 November 2025

💬 Feedback can be provided here

🎯 Goals of the Strategic Roadmap:

📌 To exploite of synergies with the Affordable Energy Action Plan, the Energy Efficiency Roadmap, the Grids Package, the Citizens Energy Package, the Electrification Action Plan and the Heating and Cooling Strategy.

📌 To complement the upcoming Apply AI Strategy, the Data Union Strategy, and the Cloud and AI Development Act.

📌 To leverage the potential of digital and AI technologies for the energy system, while mitigating the associated risks and enable the decarbonisation and competitiveness of the EU economy.

☑️ What does the initiative aim to achieve?

📌 Accelerate deployment

Enable access to energy data to support innovative services
Help develop and test AI tools for the energy sector
Advance smart grids and digital twins

📌 Boost innovation & research

Close the innovation gap
Strengthen EU technological sovereignty
Support clean energy R&D using AI

📌 Integrate data centers sustainably

Improve planning and energy efficiency
Minimise grid strain and local impact

📌 Enhance transparency & risk oversight

Share best practices for AI in critical infrastructure
Provide guidance on high-risk AI systems
Use AI to improve energy asset security

📌 Create a robust governance framework

Foster collaboration across sectors and Member States
Engage with international partners and stakeholders

✅ What next?

Targeted consultations and workshops
Discussions with Member States and expert groups
A high-level stakeholder event in Q3 2025

➡️ Source: Artificial intelligence and digitalisation for energy – a roadmap

Posted By : admin 31 Jul, 2025

EU Hydrogen Auction

Hydrogen Bank. Innovation Fund IF25 Hydrogen Auction. Draft Terms and Conditions

📢 New EU Hydrogen Auction – Draft Terms & Conditions Open for Feedback

The European Commission has published the draft Terms & Conditions (T&Cs) for the IF25 Hydrogen Auction, the third call under the European Hydrogen Bank, set to launch by the end of 2025.

☑️ What’s new in this round?

Proposed Budget: EUR 1.1 billion, split across three topics:

Topic 1: EUR 400 million – RFNBO and/or electrolytic low-carbon hydrogen
Topic 2: EUR 400 million – RFNBO hydrogen only
Topic 3: EUR 200 million – RFNBO and/or electrolytic low-carbon hydrogen for maritime applications

☑️ Key Updates:

📌 Broader Scope: Support extended to include electrolytic low-carbon hydrogen alongside RFNBOs

📌 Electrolyser Resilience: Aligned with the NZIA Implementing Act (C(2025) 2900), simplifying some earlier resilience criteria

📌 Environmental Screening: New evaluation against Do-No-Significant-Harm (DNSH) principles

📌 No Double Funding: Projects already funded under the Innovation Fund or other EU sources are not eligible

📌 Electricity Sourcing Plan: Projects must show a credible strategy for sourcing 100% of required electricity. For low-carbon hydrogen, at least 60% of non-renewable input must meet the 70% emissions savings threshold defined in Directive (EU) 2024/1788.

➡️ What’s next?

Stakeholder feedback will be gathered through the consultation
Feedback will be incorporated into the final design of the auction
The final version of T&Cs will be published with the auction launch in Q4 2025

🗓 Feedback deadline: 14 September 2025

📄 Draft Terms & Conditions available here: Innovation Fund IF25 Hydrogen Auction. Draft Terms and Conditions

💬 Provide feedback here: IF25 Auction – Draft T&Cs public consultation

Posted By : admin 27 Jul, 2025

Revisions to CBAM regulation

CBAM: downstream extensions, anti-circumvention and rules on electricity emissions

For general information about CBAM please visit General Introduction to CBAM.

This July, the European Commission launched a public consultation on proposed revisions to CBAM. The key aims:

Extend CBAM to certain downstream products – to reduce the risk of carbon leakage when production shifts outside the EU or buyers turn to non-EU suppliers.
Strengthen anti-circumvention measures – to close gaps and ensure the financial obligations are not avoided without valid reasons.
Clarify electricity-related rules – particularly the use of default values and criteria for using actual electricity emissions.

📅 Feedback period – 01 July 2025 – 26 August 2025

✅ Main Objectives of Consultation

The consultation explores:

📌 Inclusion of selected downstream goods based on carbon leakage risk, embedded emissions, and technical feasibility.

📌 Options to reinforce anti-circumvention tools (e.g. more reporting requirements).

📌 Changes to CBAM rules for electricity – from emission factor updates to clearer criteria for PPAs and grid conditions.

☑️ What next?

A factual summary report will be available 8 weeks after the consultation closes, followed by a full synopsis report.

➡️ Source: Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) – downstream extension, anti-circumvention and rules on electricity emissions

Posted By : admin 21 Jul, 2025

News on the Hydrogen and Guarantees of Origin Market

hydrogen and guarantees of origin (GO) system

The latest EU report titled “Technical assistance to monitor functioning of the guarantees of origin (GO) system” provides an in-depth look at the GOs market and its impact on renewable energy and hydrogen tracking.

✅ Key Takeaways

📌 The GO market has achieved a healthy level of liquidity.

📌 While transparency has improved, price discovery remains limited. GO prices vary based on factors such as technology, region, and additionality – factors not always visible to consumers. Forecasting prices remains difficult due to elements of monopolistic competition.

📌 More than 90% of hydropower, 50% of wind, and 30% of solar electricity production in Europe is currently tracked via GOs.

📌 The GO system is effective in tracking renewable electricity, but further harmonization is needed to reduce the risk of misuse.

📌 Hydrogen

As of the end of 2023: only 0.4% of EU hydrogen production was based on water electrolysis (45 tonnes or 1.5 GWh).
An additional 9.2% (1,033 tonnes or 34 GWh) was produced as a green by-product (e.g., from chlor-alkali electrolysis).
The Hydrix index (as of January 2025) estimates green hydrogen prices in Germany at €7.80–€9.50/kg, roughly 2.5x higher than grey hydrogen (€3–€4/kg).

📌 Hydrogen GO trading volumes

RFNBO certification has only been possible since December 2024.
Until now, certified green hydrogen has only been traded via GOs or Non-Governmental Certificates (NGCs).
Assuming certification, 1,500 GOs could have been issued in 2023 for hydrogen produced via electrolysis.
While only a few EU Member States are active in the gas GO market and even fewer support EU-wide GO trading, interest in GOs is growing:
- Smaller projects often opt for GOs/NGCs due to lack of RFNBO compliance.
- Larger projects (many pre-FID) are preparing for RFNBO certification to benefit from offtake obligations under the compliance market.

➡️ Source: Technical assistance to monitor functioning of the guarantees of origin (GO) system

Posted By : admin 18 Jul, 2025

Interaction of Certification and Standards for e-SAF Production

Last week, I had the opportunity to present my paper “Interaction of Certification and Standards for e-SAF Production” at a conference hosted by the Florence School of Regulation. This research is part of my broader PhD work on the interaction between law and technology in the regulation of Power-to-X (PtX) technologies.

✅ Key Points of the Presentation:

📌 General requirements

To be used in aviation, e-SAF must be certified under either the EU Renewable Energy Directive (RED) or the CORSIA scheme, and blended with conventional jet fuel in accordance with international standards such as ASTM D7566 and Def Stan 91-091.

📌 Legal Framework

There is a lack of harmonization between the EU legal framework and international aviation fuel standards.
The definition of SAF in the ReFuelEU Aviation Regulation does not align with the definition used in international standards.

📌 Certification

Particular attention should be given to the concept of “dual conformance” — i.e., a single batch of SAF being compliant with two different certification schemes (such as EU RED and CORSIA).
The coexistence of two certification schemes – EU RED and CORSIA within the EU raises questions about the feasibility of such dual conformance, a concept that is not yet defined under EU law.

☑️ Conclusion

A harmonized and coherent legal framework is essential for scaling up e-SAF production and deployment in aviation.
Aligning EU regulations with international safety and sustainability standards will help remove existing regulatory barriers and support the widespread adoption of e-SAF across the EU.

Maryna Hritsyshyna. Interaction of certification and standards for e-SAF production

GHG Emissions: aviation emits about 3% of global carbon dioxide, about 96% of GHG emissions in aviation belong to the large airplanes.
Sustainable aviation fuel: a solution for medium and long-haul airplanes, allow reducing carbon emissions by 50-80% in comparison with the conventional fuel.

Posted By : admin 17 Jul, 2025

Association of Issuing Bodies Annual Report 2024

Figure: Association of Issuing Bodies members, applicants and observers

Source: Association of Issuing Bodies, Annual Report 2024

📢 The Association of Issuing Bodies (AIB) Annual Report 2024 is out!

✅ Key highlights from 2024:

📌 Membership Expansion

By the end of 2024, the AIB had 39 members from 30 European countries, covering the EU, EEA, and Energy Community.

📌 Electricity Guarantees of Origin

30 members actively participated in the European Energy Certificate System (EECS) Electricity Scheme, issuing and transferring GOs via the AIB Hub.
New participants preparing for the scheme:
- NEURC (Ukraine)
- ERE (Albania)
- SEDA (Bulgaria)

New observers:
- ERO (Kosovo)
- MEMO (North Macedonia)

📌 Gas Guarantees of Origin

9 members were active in the EECS Gas Scheme, including:
- Gasgrid (Finland)
- Enagas (Spain)
- Brugel (Belgium)
- E-Control (Austria)
- GSE (Italy)
- REN (Portugal)
- OTE (Czech Republic)
- Elering (Estonia)
- Conexus (Latvia)
2024 was a milestone year for the Gas Scheme Group, with six new members joining.

📌 Hydrogen

In 2024, the following countries registered EECS hydrogen production devices:

Austria: 2 devices (10 MW total capacity)
Finland: 1 device
Spain: 2 devices (23.8 MW total capacity)

It’s great to see steady progress across electricity, gas, and now hydrogen, contributing to a more integrated and transparent GO market across Europe.

➡️ The AIB Annual Report is available via this link: ANNUAL REPORT 2024

Posted By : admin 11 Jul, 2025

2nd Florence Aviation Regulation Conference

Just returned from the 2nd Florence Aviation Regulation Conference, co-organized by the International Institute of Air and Space Law (IIASL), Leiden University and the Florence School of Regulation.

It was an honor to contribute to such a high-level exchange of ideas shaping the future of aviation regulation.

I had the pleasure of presenting my paper on “Interaction of Certification and Standards for e-SAF Production”, exploring how regulatory frameworks and technical standards impact the uptake of sustainable aviation fuels in Europe.

The conference addressed a wide range of topics, including:

Interaction between CORSIA and the EU ETS
Implementation of the AI Act in aviation
Market incentives and social sustainability in the net-zero transition
Regulation of non-CO₂ effects in aviation

Posted By : admin 9 Jul, 2025

Delegated act for Low-Carbon Fuels

📢 New EU Regulation on Low-Carbon Hydrogen and Fuels

On 8 July 2025, the European Commission adopted a Delegated Regulation specifying the methodology for calculating GHG emissions savings from low-carbon fuels, including low-carbon hydrogen (the Delegated Act).

✅ What is this about?

The Delegated Act establishes a GHG emissions methodology for low-carbon hydrogen and fuels, as outlined in the Hydrogen and Gas Market Directive.
It complements existing rules on renewable hydrogen and RFNBOs, creating a complete EU regulatory framework for hydrogen certification.

☑️ Who does it apply to?

The Delegated Act applies to EU and non-EU producers wishing to place hydrogen on the EU market.
Certification can be achieved through Voluntary Schemes — third-party systems already in use for renewable fuels.

📅 What happens next?

The Delegated Act will now be reviewed by the European Parliament and Council, who have 2 months to accept or reject it.
This scrutiny period may be extended by an additional 2 months, if requested.
If approved, the Delegated Act will enter into force 20 days after its publication in the Official Journal of the EU.

📄 Delegated Act: Commission delegated regulation (EU) specifying a methodology for assessing greenhouse gas emissions savings from low-carbon fuels

➡️ Source: Clarity to hydrogen sector with new EU methodology for low-carbon hydrogen and fuels

Energy Regulation Solutions

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Tag Archives: #EU

✅ Key Takeaways

📌 Hydrogen

📌 Hydrogen GO trading volumes

📌 General requirements

📌 Legal Framework

📌 Certification

☑️ Conclusion

📌 Membership Expansion

📌 Electricity Guarantees of Origin

📌 Gas Guarantees of Origin

📌 Hydrogen